Bone Fractures
Types of FracturesDisplaced Facture
Comminuted Fracture Non - Displaced Fracture Closed Fracture Open Fracture Greenstick Fracture Transverse Fracture Oblique Fracture Impacted Fracture or Buckle Fracture |
What's this?!?* The bone snaps in two or more parts and moves so the two end sare not lined up straight
* When the bone is in many pieces * Bone cracks either partly or all the way through, but doesn’t move and keeps its alignment * Bone breaks, but no evidence of a puncture or open wound behind in the skin * When the bone breaks through the skin * Incomplete fracture wher ethe bone is bent * Facture at the right angle of the bones axis * Bone has a curved or sloped pattern * Ends of the bone are driven into each other |
The Vertebrae
Intro: The bones of the spine are called vetebrae at birth you have 33, but once your body matures 9 of them fuse together to form the sacrum and the coccyx. Of the 24 bones there are 7 in the neck called cervical vertebrae, 12 are the thoracic vertebrae, and 5 supporting the lower back, the lumbar vertebrae. They are separated by invertabral discs, which cushion the vertebrae and absorb shocks allowing flexibility.
Cervical Vertebrae: This vertebrae forms the neck region of the spine. The typical cervical vertebrae are the smallest, lightest vertebrae and their spinous process are often short and divided into two branches. The transverse process contain foramina through which the vertebral arteries pass on their way to the brain.
Atlas&Axis: The first two of the seven bones in the cervical vertebrae are different. The atlas has no body and the superior surface of its transverse process contains large depressions that receive the optical condyles of the skull allowing you to nod "yes". The axis acts as a piviot for the rotation of the atlas. It has a large upright process called the dens which is a piviot point.
Atlas&Axis: The first two of the seven bones in the cervical vertebrae are different. The atlas has no body and the superior surface of its transverse process contains large depressions that receive the optical condyles of the skull allowing you to nod "yes". The axis acts as a piviot for the rotation of the atlas. It has a large upright process called the dens which is a piviot point.
Thoracic Vertebrae: This vertebrae is larger than the cervical vertebrae and are distiguished by being the only vertebrae to articulate with the ribs. The body is kind of heart-shaped and has two costal facets on each side which receive the head of the ribs. the two transverse processes articulate with the nearby knoblike tubercles of the ribs. The spinious process is long and hooks sharply downward.
Lumbar Vertebrae: This vertebrae has massive, blocklike bodies. They have a short, hatchet - shaped spinious process. They are the sturdiest because most of the stress in the verterbral column is here.